Taxation
Income tax
People in the UK have to pay tax on their income, which includes:
- wages from paid employment
- profits from self-employment
- taxable benefits
- pensions
- income from property, savings and dividends.
Money raised from income tax pays for government services such as roads, education, police and the armed forces.
For most people, the right amount of income tax is automatically taken from their income from employment by their employer and paid directly to HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC), the government department that collects taxes. This system is called ‘Pay As You Earn’ (PAYE). If you are self-employed, you need to pay your own tax through a system called ‘self-assessment’, which includes completing a tax return. Other people may also need to complete a tax return. If HMRC sends you a tax return, it is important to complete and return the form as soon as you have all the necessary information.
You can find out more about income tax at www.hmrc.gov.uk/ incometax. You can get help and advice about taxes and completing tax forms from the HMRC self-assessment helpline, on 0845 300 0627, and the HMRC website at www.hmrc.gov.uk
National Insurance
Almost everybody in the UK who is in paid work, including self-employed people, must pay National Insurance Contributions. The money raised from National Insurance Contributions is used to pay for state benefits and services such as the state retirement pension and the National Health Service (NHS).
Employees have their National Insurance Contributions deducted from their pay by their employer. People who are self-employed need to pay National Insurance Contributions themselves.
Anyone who does not pay enough National Insurance Contributions will not be able to receive certain contributory benefits such as Jobseeker’s Allowance or a full state retirement pension. Some workers, such as part-time workers, may not qualify for statutory payments such as maternity pay if they do not earn enough.
Further guidance about National Insurance Contributions is available on HMRC’s website at www.hmrc.gov.uk/ni
A National Insurance number is a unique personal account number. It makes sure that the National Insurance Contributions and tax you pay are properly recorded against your name. All young people in the UK are sent a National Insurance number just before their 16th birthday.
A non-UK national living in the UK and looking for work, starting work or setting up as self-employed will need a National Insurance number. However, you can start work without one. If you have permission to work in the UK, you will need to telephone the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to arrange to get a National Insurance number. You may be required to attend an interview. The DWP will advise you of the appropriate application process and tell you which documents you will need to bring to an interview if one is necessary. You will usually need documents that prove your identity and that you have permission to work in the UK. A National Insurance number does not on its own prove to an employer that you have the right to work in the UK.
You can find out more information about how to apply for a National Insurance number at www.gov.uk
اس حصے کے مطابق برطانیہ میں لوگوں کو آمدنی پر انکم ٹیکس دینا ہوتا ہے۔ آمدنی میں ملازمت کی اجرت، خود روزگار کے منافع، پنشن، اور جائیداد، بچت اور ڈیویڈنڈ سے آمدنی شامل ہے۔ یہ ٹیکس سڑکوں، تعلیم، پولیس اور مسلح افواج پر خرچ ہوتا ہے۔ زیادہ تر لوگوں کا ٹیکس آجر اجرت سے کاٹ کر HMRC کو بھیجتا ہے؛ اسے PAYE کہتے ہیں۔ خود روزگار لوگ self-assessment سے ٹیکس دیتے اور ٹیکس ریٹرن بھرتے ہیں۔ تقریباً ہر تنخواہ دار شخص، بشمول خود روزگار، نیشنل انشورنس کنٹریبیوشنز دیتا ہے۔ یہ رقم ریاستی فوائد اور خدمات، مثلاً ریاستی ریٹائرمنٹ پنشن اور NHS، کے لیے ہے۔ ملازمین کی کنٹریبیوشنز آجر کاٹتا ہے؛ خود روزگار خود دیتے ہیں۔ کافی کنٹریبیوشنز نہ دینے والے Jobseeker’s Allowance یا مکمل ریاستی ریٹائرمنٹ پنشن جیسے contributory فوائد نہیں پا سکتے۔ نیشنل انشورنس نمبر ذاتی اکاؤنٹ نمبر ہے جو ٹیکس اور کنٹریبیوشنز کو نام کے ساتھ ریکارڈ کرتا ہے؛ نوجوانوں کو 16ویں سالگرہ سے پہلے بھیجا جاتا ہے۔ غیر ملکی شہری کو کام کے لیے یہ نمبر چاہیے، مگر نمبر کے بغیر کام شروع کیا جا سکتا ہے۔ اجازت ہو تو DWP سے رابطہ کریں؛ وہ دستاویزات بتائے گا۔ نیشنل انشورنس نمبر کام کے حق کا ثبوت نہیں۔
The handbook text is reproduced under the terms printed in Life in the United Kingdom: A Guide for New Residents, 3rd edition: © Crown copyright 2013. It is reproduced accurately, the title is given, and this site does not use the Home Office crest or imitate the official edition. We are not an official publication. The reproduced text is the 3rd edition (2013). Later official impressions changed some references from the Queen to King Charles III and renamed some institutions. Where something looks dated, check the current official handbook on GOV.UK.
مشقی سوالات
پیش رفت صرف اسی براؤزر میں محفوظ ہوتی ہے۔ کوئی اکاؤنٹ نہیں ہے۔
Which of the following is a source of income that is subject to UK income tax?
Income tax خود روزگار کے منافع پر لاگو ہوتا ہے، اور اجرت، پنشن اور کچھ benefits پر بھی۔For most employees, how is income tax normally collected?
زیادہ تر ملازمین سے ٹیکس PAYE کے ذریعے لیا جاتا ہے، اور ان کا آجر ٹیکس HMRC کو بھیجتا ہے۔What is one main purpose of National Insurance Contributions?
National Insurance Contributions ریاستی benefits اور خدمات، بشمول state pension اور NHS، کی ادائیگی میں مدد کرتے ہیں۔Under the handbook, what applies to a non-UK national who has permission to work and is starting a job?
غیر UK national National Insurance number ملنے سے پہلے کام شروع کر سکتا ہے، حالانکہ ٹیکس اور contributions کے ریکارڈ کے لیے یہ ضروری ہوتا ہے۔